تاريخ : پنجشنبه ۲۷ مرداد ۱۳۹۰
منبع : ایران سازه
Near-Fault Seismic Ground Motions
Author: Dreger, Douglas S., Hurtado, Gabriel, Chopra, Anil K., Larsen, Shawn C. | Size: 3.9 MB | Format: PDF
Bridges that cross faults are subject to static deformation that occurs
at almost the same time as the arrival of dynamic pulse-like ground
motions. Static offsets can be as large as several centimeters to many
meters and strong ground motion velocity pulses exceeding 100 cm/s have
been observed. Near-fault records, in the distance range of 10 to 100s
of meters from faults are essentially nonexistent except for a few cases
and therefore numerical simulation of ground motions for such
near-fault situations is necessary. The paper presents simulated ground
motions to 17.5 Hz, 15-100m from the fault for a Mw6.5 earthquake using
an elastic finite-difference code. Simulations for homogeneous earth
structure are compared for uniform and heterogeneous fault rupture
scenarios. To investigate asymmetry of ground motions on opposite sides
of a dipping reverse fault the dislocation method of Okada (1992) is
used to compute static offset. From those results a simplified procedure
for the simulation of near-fault time histories is developed. All of
the simulations assume linear elasticity, and it is noted that the
computed strain is as high as 10-4 - 10-3, and it is likely that there
would be significant non-linear behavior in this near-fault region.
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